• Expression subcellular localization transcriptional activity

  2023-09-15

  

  Expression, subcellular localization, transcriptional activity and protein stability of Foxo are regulated by proteins such as STAT3, PKB, JNK and AMPK (Sun et al., 2017; Zhang et al., 2011). STAT3 is a member of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) protein family that plays c

• In addition AMPK reduces protein synthesis and stimulates ap

  2023-09-15

  

  In addition, AMPK reduces protein synthesis and stimulates apoptotic and autophagic pathways through the inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates cellular metabolic homeostasis, insulin secretion, insulin resistance, autophagy and apoptosis (Maiese, 2016). mTOR is th

• br Materials and methods br Conflict

  2023-09-15

  

  Materials and methods Conflict of interest Acknowledgments We thank Christine Heiner (Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh) for her critical reading of the manuscript. This work was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (R01GM115366, R01CA160417, and R01CA

• br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments br Introduction C

  2023-09-15

  

  Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological phenomenon that occurs after restoration of blood supply to L002 tissues subsequent to ischemia or hypoxia (Carden and Granger, 2000). It typically occurs after therapeutic thrombo

• OCT also is known as POU F plays

  2023-09-14

  

  OCT4 (also is known as POU5F1) plays an important role in embryonic stem cell self-renewal, development and reprogram somatic cell into pluripotent stem cell [[5], [6], [7]]. Recently, many studies also find OCT4 promotes the progression of many tumors. For example, Wnt/β-catenin promotes the expans

• In the present study the

  2023-09-14

  

  In the present study, the alternative splicing of several nAChR subunits was identified in the oriental migratory locust (Locusta migratoria manilensis Meyen), a serious worldwide pest to agricultural production and also a model insect species [5]. Several α subunits were tried to co-express with r

• A promising target that is involved

  2023-09-14

  

  A promising target that is involved in the biosynthesis of the precursor LTA4 is the 5-LO-activating protein (FLAP), which in vivo is seemingly indispensable for LT formation [8], [9]. FLAP, a member of the MAPEG family (membrane-associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism), is an i

• EIPA receptor Thymoquinone TQ is the major

  2023-09-14

  

  Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active EIPA receptor derived from Nigella sativa (Woo et al., 2012). Recent animal studies support the potential of TQ for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory disorders like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), RA, and osteoarthritis (OA) (Salem, 2005, Badr et al.

• br In vivo visualization of aromatase with positron

  2023-09-14

  

  In vivo visualization of aromatase with positron emission tomography (PET) Positron emission tomography (PET) utilizes the high Genomic DNA Isolation Kit photons formed during the annihilation of positrons to detect the changes in the amount and localization of injected radiopharmaceuticals in th

• Angiogenesis refers to the formation of

  2023-09-14

  

  Angiogenesis refers to the formation of new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature [1]. Physiological angiogenesis is necessary for key processes such as wound healing, tissue regeneration and repair. In pathological conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancer, and other pat

• br Under normal physiological conditions the agonist binds t

  2023-09-14

  

  Under normal physiological conditions, the agonist binds to AT1R on the surface of the plasma membrane and activates the receptor, mediating downstream signaling. Then, activated AT1R is phosphorylated by protein kinase C (PKC) [13] or G protein coupled receptor kinases (GPKs, such as GRK2 [13], G

• br Summary and future br Introduction Androgen activity is

  2023-09-14

  

  Summary and future Introduction Androgen activity is critical for a wide range of developmental and physiological responses and is especially important in male sexual differentiation and maturation. The biological activity of androgens occurs through binding to the androgen receptor (AR) and t

• Aldose reductase ALR EC the first enzyme in

  2023-09-13

  

  Aldose reductase (ALR2, EC1.1.1.21), the first enzyme in the polyol pathway, is a monomeric oxidoreductase that catalyses the NADPH-dependent reduction of a wide variety of carbonyl compounds, especially glucose. In this metabolism pathway, glucose is firstly reduced to sorbitol catalyzed by ALR2 w

• br Regulation of AHR Activity AHR

  2023-09-13

  

  Regulation of AHR Activity AHR activity is regulated in various ways. First, AHR protein levels are controlled via ubiquitin-mediated proteosomal degradation: Ligand binding induces AHR ubiquitination and subsequent degradation by the proteasome [5]. AIP, a component of the AHR chaperone complex,

• Unexpectedly under pathological pain conditions inhibition

  2023-09-13

  

  Unexpectedly, under pathological pain conditions, inhibition of spinal glutamate transporter activity can produce antinociceptive effects. For example, intrathecal injection of the transportable inhibitor trans-pyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylic tubulin (t-PDC) or antisense oligonucleotides reduced nocice

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