• br Materials and methods br Results br Conclusions

  2022-06-23

  

  Materials and methods Results Conclusions We developed a glutamate biosensor with chitosan as a matrix for the immobilization of the enzyme glutamate oxidase on the surface of a platinum electrode. Our miniaturized biosensor of 50 µm in diameter can be applied for monitoring glutamate in vi

• The glucocorticoid GR complex exerts wide spread cellular ef

  2022-06-23

  

  The glucocorticoid-GR complex exerts wide-spread cellular effects through two distinct mechanisms categorized as genomic and non-genomic pathways [3,39]. Most non-genomic pathways originate from activation of mGR [40]. These actions of the GR appear to all play an important role in the regulation of

• In accordance with its similarity to classical

  2022-06-23

  

  In accordance with its similarity to classical NLSs, Importin α3 was recently reported as a nuclear transport receptor for Ci (). We therefore superimposed the Gli1 NLS model with the Importin α2 structure (3EFX), which has a structure similar to Drosophila Importin α3 () (Fig. 4.4B). Gli1 NLS fitte

• AD is a major neurological

  2022-06-22

  

  AD is a major neurological disorder, usually effecting the elderly population, which is difficult to diagnose until symptoms begin to accumulate. As of 2013, approximately five million Americans were living with AD. The number with this disease is projected to be 16 million by 2050 (Hebert et al., 2

• br Introduction Currently HIV infection treatment guidelines

  2022-06-22

  

  Introduction Currently, HIV-1 infection treatment guidelines adopted in USA and EU provide for the simultaneous administration of three antiretroviral drugs (HAART “Highly Active Anti-Retroviral Therapy”) in severely compromised patients [[1], [2], [3]]. Coupling at least two different mechanisms

• br Acknowledgments br Introduction Liver disease is one of t

  2022-06-22

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Liver disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Death from any type of acute or chronic liver injury results when sufficient healthy hepatic parenchyma cannot be regenerated to perform vital liver-specific functions. Although the regenerative capabil

• br Introduction Although effective hepatitis B virus

  2022-06-22

  

  Introduction Although effective hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccines are in use worldwide, HBV-related liver diseases are still a major public health concern, causing considerable morbidity and mortality. Approximately 257 million people are currently suffering from chronic hepatitis B and 887,000 de

• br Consequence physiological function of ROS

  2022-06-22

  

  Consequence/physiological function of ROS-dependent inhibition of GSNOR Plants response to environmental changes induced by abiotic and biotic factors by enhanced accumulation of ROS resulting in temporary imbalance of the cellular redox homeostasis. This as oxidative stress/burst termed event tr

• The number of small molecule GSK inhibitors is continuously

  2022-06-22

  

  The number of small molecule GSK-3 inhibitors is continuously rising and many have been tested in animals. These studies have provided additional support for specific roles of GSK-3 in neuronal functions under both normal and pathological conditions. Inhibition of GSK-3 has profound effect on neurop

• br GSK The GSK family is highly conserved

  2022-06-22

  

  GSK-3 The GSK-3 family is highly conserved throughout evolution and is encoded by two genes, GSK-3α and GSK-3β, which are located in chromosomes 19q13.2 and 3q13.3 in human, respectively. Both GSK-3α and GSK-3β proteins exist in a variety of tissues with the highest levels found in Phosphoramidon

• br GPR GPR has been described as a

  2022-06-22

  

  GPR55 GPR55 has been described as a type 3 cannabinoid receptor due to its ability to detect endocannabinoids and may play a role in the endocannabinoid lipid sensing system [28]. GPR55 is activated by both cannabinoid endogenous agoinsts (endocannabinoids) and non-cannabinoids fatty acids namely

• TDG furthermore is inhibited in its excision of U on

  2022-06-21

  

  TDG, furthermore, is inhibited in its excision of U on the NCP relative to duplex, though not to the same extent as SMUG1. There is no significant difference between TDGFL and TDG82−308, consistent with a previous report that the N- and C-termini missing from TDG82−308 do not affect the excision of

• We report here a patient with a one

  2022-06-21

  

  We report here a patient with a one-base frame-shift deletion in the PURA gene that presented an unusual phenotype including persistent hypoglycorrhachia. We propose a possible link between hypoglycorrhachia and PURA dysfunction postulating PURA as a GLUT1 regulator. We therefore hypothesize that mu

• According to the aforementioned preclinical and clinical

  2022-06-21

  

  According to the aforementioned preclinical and clinical data, GHS-R1a blockade appears to be a potential pharmacological approach to treat AUD. Given that GHS-R1a has high constitutive (ligand-independent) activity, inverse agonism of the receptor may exert more potent and desirable effects than pu

• Receptor tyrosine kinases RTKs consist of subfamilies in

  2022-06-21

  

  Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) consist of 20 subfamilies in humans, all of which share a common structure consisting of extracellular ligand-binding region, a single-pass transmembrane domain and an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain [2]. Binding of a growth factor to the ligand-binding domain r

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