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The CLC proteins in Arabidopsis have been studied
2021-08-31
The CLC proteins in Arabidopsis have been studied in some detail, and a total of seven genes (named AtCLCa-AtCLCg) have been identified (Lv et al., 2009). It is interesting that AtCLCa-AtCLCd and AtCLCg define a distinct phylogenetic branch that is closely related to eukaryotic CLCs, while the other
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The requirement for two distinct signalling
2021-08-31
The requirement for two distinct signalling pathways for cAMP-induced growth arrest likely represents an important mechanism allowing VSMC to finely modulate their cellular responses to cAMP-elevating stimuli. Our data demonstrates for the first time that activation of both pathways in VSMC results
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Introduction Neuropathic pain occurs in
2021-08-31
Introduction Neuropathic pain occurs in approximately one-third of patients with diabetes and is refractory to currently available analgesic drugs (Abbott et al., 2011). This painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is associated with elevated levels of methylglyoxal (MG; a reactive glucose metabolite) an
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We next turned our attention to the position of the
2021-08-31
We next turned our attention to the 6-position of the indole (). It was found that the chlorine atom present in was extremely important. The des-chloro analogue showed nearly 30-fold less affinity for the EP receptor in the binding assay and was nearly 30-fold lower in activity in the functional ass
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br Materials and methods br Results
2021-08-31
Materials and methods Results Discussion Endothelial cells are crucial for both vascular homeostasis and protecting the vasculature against atherogenic insults [3]. OxLDL-mediated injury to endothelial cells is crucial for endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and a
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The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases but
2021-08-31
The majority of serpins inhibit serine proteases, but serpins that inhibit caspases or papain-like cysteine proteases have also been identified [4], [5]. Inhibitory serpins are ‘suicide’ or ‘single use’ inhibitors that use a unique conformational change to inhibit proteases. This conformational tran
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br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments
2021-08-31
Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments Introduction The ability of the affiliative and nurture hormone oxytocin (OT) to attenuate stress has been observed across psychological, neurological, and physiological levels [1], [2]. We and others have demonstrated that, in the gut, OT can lessen
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SPR was used to measure biomolecular kinetic
2021-08-31
SPR was used to measure biomolecular kinetic interactions between TERRA G-quadruplex and ligand in the present study. SPR is a widely used method, but cannot tell which specific type of interaction happened. Compounds with similar structures probably have similar mechanism of interaction, while comp
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br Funding This work was supported by
2021-08-30
Funding This work was supported by the grants from MSD, Terumo Life Science Foundation, Takeda Science Foundation, and Japan Diabetes Foundation. Disclosures Acknowledgments The authors thank C. Morimoto (Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan) and K. Takeda (Immunology Frontier Research Center
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To elucidate the potential mechanism underlying
2021-08-30
To elucidate the potential mechanism underlying osteosarcoma cell growth decrease by CDK4 inhibition, flow cytometry analysis was used to determine C-type natriuretic peptide (1-22) (human, rat, swine) australia and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma cells after palbociclib treatment. The results show
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With a favorable spectrum of CRTh dependent in vitro and
2021-08-30
With a favorable spectrum of CRTh2 dependent in vitro and in vivo efficacy demonstrated, the off-target activity of compound 18 was investigated, first against a panel of prostanoid receptors and related eicosanoid targets (Table 8), where no significant activities at 10μM concentration were found i
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Recently it was reported that Crm is linked to spindle
2021-08-30
Recently, it was reported that Crm1 is linked to spindle pole body (SPB) by Spc72 in FSLLRY-NH2 yeast [9]. Spc72 and Spc110 are two specific receptors of γ-tubulin complex (Tub4), which target Tub4 to SPB and mediate the nucleation of microtubules from SPB [20]. It was found that disrupting the int
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Self Determination Theory SDT as
2021-08-30
Self-Determination Theory (SDT), as described by Ryan and Deci (2000) is “an approach to human motivation and personality that uses traditional empirical methods while employing an organismic metatheory highlighting the importance of humans' evolved inner resources for personality development and be
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This work started from the
2021-08-30
This work started from the standard version of the CPA model [17] and investigated its known weaknesses: 1) not meeting the defined critical temperature, 2) missing the temperature dependence of pure component saturated liquid densities, 3) using an α function in the cubic term that can provide unre
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To further investigate mechanisms of rXCI
2021-08-30
To further investigate mechanisms of rXCI, we generated female ESCs with a homozygous RlimKO. We found that these betaxolol receptor undergo XCI in vivo but that XCI in vitro is strongly influenced by culture conditions, including both method of differentiation and O2 levels. Our results demonstrat
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