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The typical pharmacophore for GPR agonists contains four par
2022-01-20

The typical pharmacophore for GPR40 agonists contains four parts: head (acid moiety), central (phenyl ring), linker and tail (aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring) [20]. On the other hand, the chemical features that are required for the PPARγ agonists include hydrogen bond donors and acceptors
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Indeed another recent study found
2022-01-20

Indeed, another recent study found that the HR-like cell death triggered in rice epidermal cells by an avirulent or incompatible isolate of the fungal pathogen , which causes blast disease, is a ferroptotic cell death phenomenon (). Similar to the heat shock example given above, elevated levels of
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In general the FDP gene is involved in isoprenoid
2022-01-20

In general the FDP gene is involved in isoprenoid biosynthesis for normal growth and development of plant species while it is specifically involved in rubber biosynthesis (cis-1,4-polyisoprene units) in Hevea plant. When the HbFDP gene was over-expressed under the control of constitutive promoter in
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Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction
2022-01-20

Sperm exocytosis or acrosome reaction (AR) is a regulated secretion with special characteristics essential for fertilization. The AR relies on the same highly conserved molecules that drive intracellular membrane fusion and exocytosis in all other np e synthesis (see [59] for a recent review). Two
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chembridge Here we examined Meckel s cartilage of mice where
2022-01-20

Here, we examined Meckel's cartilage of mice where Setdb1 was knocked out only in neural crest derived chembridge with the purpose of investigating the roles of Setdb1 in Meckel's cartilage, a supportive tissue for mandible formation. We observed enlarged Meckel's cartilage that was a result of inc
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Long non coding RNAs lncRNAs
2022-01-20

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of RNA transcripts which are over 200 nucleotides in length and not translated into proteins (Ponting et al., 2009). Recent studies showed that lncRNAs have been identified as crucial regulators of gene expression, chromatin remodeling, and cell cycle (Wahl
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br Conclusion br Introduction Gastric adenocarcinoma GA is
2022-01-20

Conclusion Introduction Gastric adenocarcinoma (GA) is the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the third most common cause of death due to cancer worldwide. It is a highly aggressive cancer and 5-year survival rate (5YSR) is usually fatty Pomalidomide receptor synthesis might be one
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Lastly certain populations of immune cells may be Hh respons
2022-01-20

Lastly, certain populations of immune cells may be Hh responsive. Although PC have not been demonstrated in healthy liver-resident macrophages or lymphocytes, macrophages in injured livers have been shown to produce Hh ligands[58], [100], [101] and treating liver-derived macrophages with neutralisin
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br Material and methods br Results
2022-01-19

Material and methods Results and discussion Unlike many fruits such as bananas and tomatoes, known as climacteric fruits, in which ripening is regulated by a burst of donepezil hydrochloride biosynthesis and an increase in respiration, pepper fruits, which do not follow this pattern, are call
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br Acknowledgments The financial support from the National N
2022-01-19

Acknowledgments The financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31460422 and 31060210), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province, China (20171BAB204029 and 20143ACB20006), the Project of Science and Technology of Jiangxi Provincial Education Department,
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There are also data showing potential beneficial
2022-01-19

There are also data showing potential beneficial effects of SGLT2i on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) [[14], [15], [16], [17]], a hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome that has been linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) development and increased cardiovascular (CV) as well as
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Gli signaling pathways play critical roles in embryonic
2022-01-19

Gli signaling pathways play critical roles in embryonic and postnatal lung development [22]. Many reports suggest that wound healing and fibrotic diseases involve activation of pathways used during development [23]. In the adult lung, Gli signaling activity measured by Gli1 expression is restricted
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br Introduction Alzheimer s disease AD affects ca million
2022-01-19

Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects ca. 46 million people worldwide [1] and it is expected that the number will double or triple by 2030 or 2050, respectively, while no significant progress has been made in research for early diagnosis and new efficient therapies. Currently available me
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Encouraged by the observation obtained from region A we sele
2022-01-19

Encouraged by the observation obtained from region A, we selected the structure of 1 as the next template to successively pursue the SAR on regions B-D of 1 (lower side of Fig. 2). Next, we turned attention to the external aromatic ring of 1 to verify the impact on the antagonistic activity and prep
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The chemical structure of BAs consists of a steroid
2022-01-19

The chemical structure of BAs consists of a steroid nucleus with an acidic side chain. They are amphipatic molecules characterized by a hydrophilic α-face and a hydrophobic β-face. The hydrophobic pocket of the FXR LBD interacts with BAs largely through the β-face. The α-face contains several hydrox
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